No Difference in Kinesiophobia in Individuals With Contact or Non-Contact Mechanisms of ACL Injury (2024)
Undergraduate: Jasmine Bright
Faculty Advisor: Shelby Baez
Department: Exercise & Sport Science
No Difference in Kinesiophobia in Individuals With Contact or Non-Contact Mechanisms of ACL Injury_x000D_
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Jasmine Bright, Elaine Reiche MS ATC CSCS, Caitlin Brinkman MS ATC, Shelby Baez PhD ATC _x000D_
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Context: _x000D_
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries often occur in physically active populations and can result in poor psychological responses. ACL injuries can occur from contact or non-contact mechanisms. Psychological responses, like kinesiophobia (i.e., fear of re-injury, pain, and/or movement), are often examined after ACL reconstruction (ACLR). The purpose of this study is to examine the differences in kinesiophobia between mechanisms of primary ACL injury in individuals after ACLR. We hypothesize that contact mechanisms of injury would lead to greater kinesiphobia in individuals after ACLR. _x000D_
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Methods: _x000D_
Twelve individuals with a history of primary, unilateral ACLR (10 females, age= 21.4±8.2 years, time since surgery= 22.1±15.3 months) completed the Tampa Scale of Kinesiphobia-11 (TSK-11). Participants were separated into two groups: contact (N=5, 5 females, 23.9±5.8 years old, 32.0±17.4 months since ACLR) and non-contact (N=7, 5 females, 19.5±9.5 years old, 14.9±9.2 months from ACLR). All participants completed the questionnaire used to assess kinesiophobia. Higher TSK-11 scores indicate greater kinesiophobia. Mann Whitney U tests were performed to examine differences in kinesiophobia between groups. Significance was set a priori to p<0.05. _x000D_
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Results: _x000D_
There were no differences in TSK-11 scores between contact (17.1 ± 5.0) and non-contact (18.6 ± 4.7) individuals (p=0.6240). _x000D_
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Conclusion: _x000D_
These results suggest that there may not be differences in kinesiophobia between individuals who have sustained a contact and non-contact ACL injury. This may be because questions in the TSK-11 do not address the mechanism of injury directly or the experience of injury overall. Clinicians should consider assessing psychological responses in all individuals after ACLR. _x000D_
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References: _x000D_
Paterno MV, Flynn K, Thomas S, Schmitt LC. Self-Reported Fear Predicts Functional Performance and Second ACL Injury After ACL Reconstruction and Return to Sport: A Pilot Study. Sports Health. 2018 May/Jun.