Exploring the Interplay Between Cortisol Levels, Sleep Quality, and Psychological Stress: A Comprehensive Analysis (2024)
Undergraduates: Song Kim, Andrew Song, Ximena Diez, Adithya Kumar.
Faculty Advisor: Monica Gaudier-Diaz
Department: Neuroscience
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis orchestrates the secretion of cortisol, a hormone pivotal in regulating metabolic processes and behaviors within the circadian rhythm framework. Stressful events can significantly impact cortisol levels, disrupting metabolic functions, immune responses, and cognitive processes. This study aims to investigate the intricate relationship between stress, cortisol dynamics, and sleep quality among college-aged adults. Utilizing standardized questionnaires and biochemical assays, we examined the associations between perceived stress, trait anxiety, and cortisol levels, along with their influence on sleep architecture. Longitudinal data collection over one week enabled the observation of cortisol secretion patterns and sleep variations. Statistical analyses revealed intriguing but non-significant correlations between sleep duration and cortisol levels, challenging our initial hypothesis. Additionally, perceived stress levels and trait anxiety did not exert significant influences on cortisol dynamics. Our findings suggest a nuanced interplay between cortisol regulation, stress perception, and sleep quality, warranting further exploration. Future research should delve into sleep-related factors like sleep quality and chronotype, alongside lifestyle interventions, to comprehensively understand stress physiology and inform holistic health strategies.